Evaluation of therapeutic role of filarial antigens on the development of type 1 diabetes

Manjusha Hivre; Sameer Khan; Dhananjay Andure

Volume : VII, Issue : VI, June - 2018

Evaluation of therapeutic role of filarial antigens on the development of type 1 diabetes

Manjusha Hivre, Sameer Khan, Dhananjay Andure

Abstract :

Increasing evidence is available in support of an inverse relationship between worm infection and T helper type 1/17 (Th1/17) – based inflammatory disorder such as Type 1 diabetes suggesting the therapeutic potential of helminth molecules in this condition. The objective of the study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of filarial immune modulators (Bm mf’s/ Bmmf’ES’/ rBmCys) on the development of type 1 diabetes. A study was designed to validate therapeutic efficacy of filarial proteins (Bmmf’S/ Bmmf’ES’/ rBmCys) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic mice. Following experimental induction of diabetes the mice were either treated with or without the said proteins using alum as adjuvant (25 µg) for 2 months. After treatment the blood glucose level and pancreatic histopathological changes were measured. Therapeutic treatment of diabetic mice with filarial proteins reduced the severity of disease by decreasing the blood glucose levels. Mice treated with rBmCys in alum adjuvant showed significantly lower blood glucose level as compared to the diabetic mice treated with only Alum(p<0.001). Also there was significant reduction in the glucose level in diabetic group of mice treated separately with filarial native proteins (Bm mf’s and Bmmf’ES) compared to diabetic mice treated with only Alum(p<0.002 andp<0.001). Almost 70% of the mice treated with Bmmf’ES showed recovery from diabetes at the end of the experiment period. Although all mice had evidence of ongoing pancreatic islet cell inflammation by histology, micetreated with filarial proteins had greater numbers of total intact islets and non–infiltrated islets than untreated group of mice. These findings suggest that filarial derived proteins play pivotal role in the amelioration of disease condition in mice and act as novel therapeutic candidates in the treatment of type 1 diabetes.