Hospital based study for assessment of Diabetic Retinopathy in patients with Type- 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Govt. Medical College Kota.

Dr. Nizamuddin; Dr. Nahar Singh Choudhary

Volume : VII, Issue : VII, July - 2018

Hospital based study for assessment of Diabetic Retinopathy in patients with Type- 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Govt. Medical College Kota.

Dr. Nizamuddin, Dr. Nahar Singh Choudhary

Abstract :

Introduction: Among the causes of blindness Diabetic retinopathy is emerging as one of the important cause for it in developed as well as in developing countries. The emerging scenario in the world suggests that diabetes and blindness secondary to diabetic retinopathy (DR) may soon be a major problem. Annual retinal examination and early detection of DR can considerably reduce the risk of visual loss in diabetic individuals. The aim of our study is to find out the prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in patients with type–2 Diabetes mellitus.

Materials and Methods: A total of 323 patients with Diabetes mellitus type– 2 were examined. Patients with other significant systemic diseases/conditions were excluded from the study. Patient’s fundus was examined and classified as no retinopathy or diabetic retinopathy further classified on basis of

severity of retinopathy and duration of diabetes.

Results: In our study out of 323 diabetics, 44.27% (143 patients) had no retinopathy compared to 55.73% (180 patients) had retinopathy. Diabetic Retinopathy and maculopathy appeared to be more prevalent in males (sex ratio 3:2). Severity of diabetic retinopathy was seen on rising side as the duration of diabetes increases. There is no statistically significant difference was observed in various age groups .So age of patient is not a determinant of occurrence of diabetic retinopathy but duration of diabetes is a significant risk factor for retinopathy.

Conclusion: It is recommended that to prevent Diabetic Retinopathy which is a microvascular complication of diabetes early diagnosis, early treatment initiation, good control of diabetes and regular follow–up is utmost important.