Microalbuminuria in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and its association with Retinopathy, BMI and its relation to Hypertension: An experience from a single centre

Babulreddy Hanmayyagari; Srinivas Sidduri; Mounika Guntaka

Volume : IX, Issue : III, March - 2020

Microalbuminuria in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and its association with Retinopathy, BMI and its relation to Hypertension: An experience from a single centre

Babulreddy Hanmayyagari, Srinivas Sidduri, Mounika Guntaka

Abstract :

Aim: To study the presence of Microalbuminuria in patients with Type 2 DM and to find out its association with the duration of diabetes mellitus, Retinopathy, BMI and also its relation to Hypertension. Materials and methods: One hundred patients of T2 DM admitted in our centre were included after careful exclusion. The selected patients were studied in detail with history and physical examination. Retinopathy examination was done by same qualified Ophthalmologist throughout the study. FBS, PPBS,HbA1C, blood urea, lipid profile, creatinine, complete urine examination, Microalbuminuria estimation with Micral test were done in all patients. Whereas Ultrasonography of the abdomen, an echocardiogram and chest x–ray were done in selected cases only. Results: 57 male and 43 female between 40–70 years were studied.38 and 44 patients are tested positive for Microalbuminuria and Retinopathy respectively. Incidence of Microalbuminuria is more likely for the age group above 50 years of age as compared to the age group <50 years of age with p=0.053. Incidence of Retinopathy is more likely for the age group above 50 years of age as compared to the age group <50 years of age with p=0.001. These two complications are significantly higher with higher HbA1C. (P values 0.016 and 0.001 respectively) and also with higher BMI. (P values 0.02 and 0.01 respectively). The association of Microalbuminuria and Retinopathy with hypertension is significant with P values <0.005 and<0.001 respectively and the association between microalbuminuria is significant with P value of <0.001. Conclusions: Microalbuminuria and Retinopathy show a direct relationship with increasing age of patients. An HbA1c value above 7 % is associated with increasing incidence of Microalbuminuria and Retinopathy. Patients with a BMI of more than 25 kg/m2 have a significant increase in the incidence of Microalbuminuria and Retinopathy. The incidence of Microalbuminuria and Retinopathy is significantly associated with presence of hypertension and there is a significant association between the presence of Microalbuminuria and Retinopathy.