PHARMACOGNOSTICAL, MEDICINAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND INVITRO ANTIDIABETIC STUDIES ON ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA (brum.f.) wall. ex nees

Ramadevi Devarakonda; Ganga Rao Battu; Madhavi Marra

Volume : VIII, Issue : VII, July - 2019

PHARMACOGNOSTICAL, MEDICINAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND INVITRO ANTIDIABETIC STUDIES ON ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA (brum.f.) wall. ex nees

Ramadevi Devarakonda, Ganga Rao Battu, Madhavi Marra

Abstract :

Background: Andrographis paniculata (um.f.) wall. ex nees., of family Acanthacae is a bitter herb commonly used in siddha, Ayurveda and homeopathy medicines as well as tribal medicines in India and some other countries. It is commonly called as king of bitters. The various secondary metabolites present in this palnt have considerably enchanced its importance in the arena of medicinal plants. The present study was to perform pharmacognostic, Medicinal importance, preliminary phytochemical study physichochemical parameters and in–vitro antidiabetic activity of Andrographis paniculata. The measures taken for pharmacognostic evaluation are organoleptic, macroscopy, powder microscopy, preliminary phytochemical screening, physichocemical parameters and invitroantidiabetic activity done by haemoglobin glycosylation method and glucose uptake by yeast cells method. The powder microscopy of aerial parts of Andrographis paniculata showed the prescence of cork cells, xylem fibers, Prismatic calcium oxalate crystals and fibers. More number of secondary metabolites were in this plant. Phytochemical studies revealed the prescence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, phenols, carbohydrates, glycosides. Physical parameters revealed resulted a valuble data to establish standards for the plant. Invitro antidiabetic activity revealed that hydroalcoholic extract of plant Andrographis paniculata exhibited higher inhibition of glycosylation when compared with the standard drug metformin . Over the period of 72 hour the plant extracts decreases haemoglobin glycosylation by decreasing the formation of the glucose–haemoglobin complex and amount of free haemoglobin increases. Glucose transport takes place through facilitated diffusion in yeast. Type 2 Diabetes is characterized by the deficiency of insulin causing increased amount of glucose in blood. After the treating yeast cells by these plant extract, the glucose uptake was found to increase as per dose. The results shows the % increase in glucose uptake by yeast cells at different glucose concentrations, the hydro alcohol extract of 4 mg/ml has showed significant activity when compared to the standard drug.