Rectal cancer surgery: Our experience on forty operated patients in a Referral Hospital of Cameroon

NOTUE WATOUNWA Yves Alain; MBESSOH KENGNE Ulrich Igor; EYA MVONDO Stephane; BWELLE Georges; MOIFO Boniface; NGO NONGA Bernadette; ESSOMBA Arthur

Volume : VII, Issue : II, February - 2018

Rectal cancer surgery: Our experience on forty operated patients in a Referral Hospital of Cameroon

Notue Watounwa Yves Alain, Mbessoh Kengne Ulrich Igor, Eya Mvondo Stephane, Bwelle Georges, Moifo Boniface, Ngo Nonga Bernadette, Essomba Arthur

Abstract :

Objective: To share our experience of forty operated patients with rectal cancer at Yaounde Central Hospital

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study over a period of four years, from January 2010 to December 2014 in the surgical emergency department and visceral surgery department of the Yaounde Central Hospital. The variables studied were sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic variables.

Results: There was a predominance of men or 55% with a sex ratio of 1.2. The modal class of age was between 40 and 60 years, whether 52.5% (n = 21) of patients, and 25% (n = 10) of patients were less than 40 years. In 52.5% (n = 21) of patients, the tumor was localized between 1 cm and 3 cm from the anal margin (lower third). In 47.5% (n = 19) of the patients, rectal cancer was at stage 2 and 45% (n = 18) at stage III according to the TNM classification. The surgical technique used was abdominoperineal amputation in 72.5% (n = 29) and anterior resection in 27.5% (n = 11) of patients. Histological analysis of the tumor revealed a lieberkhunian adenocarcinoma in 52.5% (n = 21) of cases, mucinous adenocarcinoma in 30% (n = 12), and lymphoma in 2.5% (n = 1) of cases. The outcome was without any complication in 60% of cases. Post–operative complications were infections in 17.5% (n = 7) of cases and digestive fistula in 10% (n = 4) of cases. We recorded 22.5% (n = 9) of deaths during the first post–operative month.

Conclusion: In our context, the diagnosis of rectal cancer is still made after several months of evolution; this makes it difficult to manage and increases post–operative morbidity and mortality.