Seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections among voluntary blood donors.

Dr. Naga sri latha Bathala; Mr. A. Sunil kumar; Dr. Sasidhar Majeti; Dr. S. Guruviah

Volume : VIII, Issue : V, May - 2019

Seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections among voluntary blood donors.

Dr. Naga Sri Latha Bathala, Mr. A. Sunil Kumar, Dr. Sasidhar Majeti, Dr. S. Guruviah

Abstract :

Background/ objective: Transfusion of blood and blood components in reducing mortality and morbidity is an indispensible part of any healthcare system. Thus, while blood transfusion can be life–saving, there are associated risks; particularly the transmission of blood borne infections Quality assured screening of donated blood for transfusion transmissible infections (TTI) is one of the key elements of health care services. In countries where effective blood screening strategies have been implemented, the risk of TTIs has declined significantly .The aim of present study is to find out presence of TTIs among blood donors and analysis of the TTIs in different age groups. Methods: This was a retrospective cross sectional study carried out in blood bank of Government general hospital, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India involving healthy blood donors between 18 to 65years. The study includes total 9,202 units collected over a period one year (Jan – Dec 2018) and the record was analyzed. Blood was screened for HIV, HBV, HCV, syphilis and malaria. Results: There was clear predominance of male donors (99.56%). More donors were from the age of 21 – 25 years (37.13%). Among all the screened samples (9202) seropositives for HIV – 0.18%; HBsAg – 1.48%; HCV – 0.06%. Conclusion: HBV was the commonest TTI among blood donors. 1.75% of donors showed seropositive for TTI and reveal potential of transmitting them through transfusion. Strict and proper implementation of donor selection criteria should be followed to prevent TTIs. Screening with higher–generation sensitive ELISA kits and initiation of newer testing methods is essential to identify seropositives accurately.