Socio demographic, Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among Antenatal women at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Dr. C. Oviya; Dr.N.Sathya; R.Mothilal

Volume : VIII, Issue : V, May - 2019

Socio demographic, Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among Antenatal women at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Dr. C. Oviya, Dr. N. Sathya, R. Mothilal

Abstract :

BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined as carbohydrate intolerance at onset of pregnancy (or first recognition), affects 4–7% of pregnancies overall. It is one of the common complications during pregnancy affecting both maternal and fetal outcome. The increased prevalence is due to the aging population structure, urbanization, obesity epidemic and physical inactivity. Other conditions predisposing to glucose intolerance might also increase the risk of GDM. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age groups. It is one of the leading causes of poor fertility. Risk factors include obesity, not enough physical exercise, and a family history. Most studies in India report prevalence of PCOS as 9.13% to 36%. The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and subsequent gestational diabetes mellitus and it’s associated other risk factors and to assess the socio demographic parameter among antenatal women with and without PCOS. METHODS: Hospital based analytical cross sectional study was conducted for 8 months among 198 antenatal women and followed up till 38 weeks of gestation. Fasting blood glucose was measured after which they were given 75 g oral glucose and plasma glucose was estimated at 2hour. GDM was diagnosed according to DIPSI criteria. Inclusion criterion was pregnant women aged 20–35 years attending outpatient department before 20 weeks of gestation. Exclusion criteria were known diabetic women, women suffering from chronic illnesses, twin pregnancy and women conceived after ART techniques. RESULTS: About 9 % of normal pregnant women develop GDM and 19 % of PCOS pregnant women develop GDM. Prevalence of GDM was found to be 14.14% among pregnant women. Gestational diabetes mellitus was found to be associated with TSH and infertility complaints among pregnant women. There exists an association of family history of diabetes Mellitus, history of GDM in previous pregnancy, weight reduced, RMP, with pain, PIH, Hypertension, Hirsutism, Acne, Polyhydraminos, Acannigr, Insulin, OI, preterm and infertility among PCOS and Normal pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS: PCOS is becoming a more prevalent disorder among women of reproductive age with lifelong complications. The primary infertility was found among pregnant women and statistically significant. One of the most challenging aspects of this syndrome is its ambiguous diagnostic criteria and vast complexity of characteristics