The study of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among pregnant women with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - Cohort Study

Dr. C. Oviya; Dr. Uma Mohanraj; Dr. N. Sathya; Dr. Deeksha; Dr. Nivetha

Volume : VIII, Issue : IV, April - 2019

The study of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among pregnant women with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - Cohort Study

Dr. C. Oviya, Dr. Uma Mohanraj, Dr. N. Sathya, Dr. Deeksha, Dr. Nivetha

Abstract :

BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an important public health problem in India and its prevalence is steadily increasing. It is one of the common complications during pregnancy affecting both maternal and fetal outcome. The increased prevalence is due to the aging population structure, urbanization, obesity epidemic and physical inactivity. Among the South Asian ethnic groups, Indian women mainly south Indians are developing GDM in highest frequency which emphasizes the significance of universal screening in South Asians. The main objective was to evaluate the risk of GDM in pregnant women with and without PCOS and to evaluate other risks associated with PCOS pregnant women. METHODS: This hospital based cohort study utilize of 99 women with PCOS and 99 women without PCOS who had pregnant and aged 20–35 years with less than 20 weeks of gestation were followed up to till 38 weeks of gestation. Fasting blood glucose was measured after which they were given 75 g oral glucose and plasma glucose was estimated after 2hour. GDM and PCOS were diagnosed according to DIPSI and Rotterdam criteria respectively. Inclusion criterion was pregnant women aged 20–35 years attending outpatient department before 20 weeks of gestation. Exclusion criteria were known diabetic women, women suffering from chronic illnesses, twin pregnancy and women conceived after ART techniques. RESULTS: Increased association of GDM was in PCOS pregnant women found to be 19%. In present study age shows no effect on the association of GDM. However, women with BMI > 25 show increased rates of GDM while compå with women whose BMI < 25. We found an increased incidence of Hypothyroidism and PIH in PCOS pregnant women compared to normal pregnant women. An increased incidence of Hypothyroidism in GDM women was found. PCOS women are at high risk for developing endometrial cancer and cardiovascular problems. PCOS women’s are considered to be a high risk population for metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of GDM is progressively increasing and it was significantly associated with multiple risk factors. Universal screening should be done for all pregnant women for better maternal and fetal outcome