Utility of M-mode in detection of type of cataract

Dr. Kunaal Mahesh Jain; Dr. Sanjay M. Khaladkar; Dr. Arijit Ghosh

Volume : VIII, Issue : VI, June - 2019

Utility of M-mode in detection of type of cataract

Dr. Kunaal Mahesh Jain, Dr. Sanjay M. Khaladkar, Dr. Arijit Ghosh

Abstract :

Purpose: In cataract, the lens becomes opaque due to deposition of reflective material beneath the lens capsule. M–mode can demonstrate a normal lens; axial–transverse length of lens; demonstrate presence of cataractous changes in a lens as evident from echogenic white lines within the lens and type of cataract– anterior or posterior capsular, subcapsular, nuclear, cortical, immature and mature cataract, calcified cataract depending on the location of white echogenic lines on M–mode. Methods and Materials: B–mode and M–mode ultrasound of 30 patients of cataract were performed for detection and characterization of the type of cataract. On B–scan, cataract is seen as opacities in the sonolucent lens due to specific deposition of reflective material in the lens. On M–mode, various linear lines appear in various locations depending on the type of cataract. Depending on the location of white lines within the lens, mature, immature, cortical, subcapsular and nuclear cataract can be diagnosed. Results: Out of 30 cases examined on M–mode and B–mode, 4 cases were of early subcapsular (13%), 4 cases were of advanced subcapsular (13%), 8 cases were of early immature (27%), 8 cases were of advanced immature (27%), 2 cases were of cortical (6.33%), 2 cases were of mature (6.33%) and 2 cases were nuclear (6.33%). Conclusion: M–mode was extremely useful in early detection of the type of cataract and characterization of cataract and could detect calcification within the lens.