Volume : V, Issue : II, February - 2016

A CASE OF 5 FLUOROURACIL INDUCED LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY IN A PATIENT ON TREATMENT FOR CARCINOMA RECTUM

Dr Nihaal Reddy, Dr Milin Garachh, Dr Manisha Jakkidi Reddy

Abstract :

 AIMS & OBJECTIVES: To review the clinical presentation and imaging findings in detection of 5–FU–induced Acute Leukoencephalopathy on MRI MATERIALS & METHODS: A 33 year old male patient, known case of carcinoma rectum who underwent 3 cycles of chemotherapy on 5FU presented with complaints of giddiness, ataxia, headache and diplopia. Patient underwent MRI Brain. RESULT: Patient underwent MRI Brain and showed diffuse bilateral symmetrical restricted diffusion and T2 Changes in cereal white matter (spå of subcortical U fies). CONCLUSION: Early detection of drug–induced leukoencephalopathy is important as the clinical symptoms can be reversed by early discontinuation of the causative drug. Diffusion–weighted magnetic resonance imaging is a useful modality for the early detection and definitive diagnosis of this characteristic encephalopathy. Drug–induced leukoencephalopathy is mainly caused by various chemotherapeutic agents, which include methotrexate, vincristine, ifosfamide, fludarabine, cytarabine, 5–fluorouracil, cisplatin and the interferons. 5–FU is a fluorinesubstituted analogue of pyrimidine uracil. The main action of this agent is to block DNA synthesis by reducing the formation of thymidine monophosphate via the inhibition of the thymidylate synthetase and incorporation into RNA. 5–FU readily penetrates the blood–ain barrier; however, 5–FU–induced neurotoxicity is uncommon and has an incidence of less than 5% among patients treated with this agent. Druginduced leukoencephalopathy is dose– and schedule–dependent and is reversible after drug withdrawal or dose reduction

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Article: Download PDF   DOI : 10.36106/ijsr  

Cite This Article:

DR NIHAAL REDDY, DR MILIN GARACHH, DR Manisha Jakkidi Reddy A Case of 5 Fluorouracil Induced Leukoencephalopathy in a Patient on Treatment for Carcinoma Rectum International Journal of Scientific Research, Vol : 5, Issue : 2 February 2016

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