A FETAL MATURITY ON THE BASIS OF ULTRASONOGRAPHIC PLACENTAL GRADING IN NORMAL AND HIGH RISK PREGNANCY

Preeti Sharma; Sanjeev Kumar Sharma

Volume : VIII, Issue : II, February - 2019

A FETAL MATURITY ON THE BASIS OF ULTRASONOGRAPHIC PLACENTAL GRADING IN NORMAL AND HIGH RISK PREGNANCY

Preeti Sharma, Sanjeev Kumar Sharma

Abstract :

The placental maturity is associated with advancing gestational age. Factors such as chronic hypertension, pre–eclampsia, intra–uterine growth retardation and maternal smoking are associated with accelerated placental maturation, whereas diabetes and fetomaternal immunization are associated with delayed placental maturation. Ultra sonographical placental grading is a safe, non–invasive method of assessment of fetal gestational age.

AIM: To determine the placental grading in all the patients presenting to the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology after 32 weeks of pregnancy.

MATERIAL AND METHOD: A Prospective Study to 149 Antenatal cases in whose pregnancy 32 weeks or more in N.S.C.B. Medical College, Jabalpur during June 2011 to September 2012.

INCLUSION CRITERIA: Antenatal cases whose pregnancy 32 weeks or more and in whom USG was done within 1 wk prior to delivery.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Antenatal case whose pregnancy less than 32 weeks. All ANC patient came to the OPD at or after 32 weeks were thoroughly examined after taking detail history date of last menstrual period was correctly known in all cases and gestational age were calculated by naegles formula.

RESULTS: All the patients who were sure of date subjected to USG for placental grading and AFI in every patient, to attempt was made to correlate placental grading and neonatal outcome and analyze the risk factor in placental grade � III, all these patients USG was done within one week of delivery. A grade–III placenta was not associated with poor perinatal outcome, Presence of grade–III placenta definitely correlated with good pulmonary maturity as seen by good APGAR score in normal pregnancy. Detection of higher grade early in third trimester can alert the obstetrician for closer observation for risk factor to decrease uteroplacental circulation. In present study it is observed that HT, APH, IUGR. cases showed acceleration in maturity of placenta i.e. grade II and III were predominant, however Rh–incompatibility cases showed delayed in maturation of placenta, this supports the previous study.

CONCLUSION: A grade–III placenta was not associated with poor perinatal outcome, Presence of grade–III placenta definitely correlated with good pulmonary maturity as seen by good APGAR score in normal pregnancy.