A Prospective Randomized doubleBlinded Clinical study to Compare the Effect on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) Following administration of Ondansetron alone and Ondansetron and Dexamethasone Combination in Laparoscopic Cholecystecto

Nilotpal Das; Dipika Choudhury; F. A. Talukdar; H. C. Das; J.P. Morang

Volume : V, Issue : X, October - 2016

A Prospective Randomized doubleBlinded Clinical study to Compare the Effect on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) Following administration of Ondansetron alone and Ondansetron and Dexamethasone Combination in Laparoscopic Cholecystecto

Nilotpal Das, Dipika Choudhury, F. A. Talukdar, H. C. Das, J. P. Morang

Abstract :

Background: Post operative nausea and vomiting is the second most common complaint and distressing complication of laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia which would cause unexpected delay in hospital discharge. The incidence of PONV remains unacceptably high (40–75% in the first 24 hrs) following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This study intends to compare the efficacy on post operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) following administration of ondansetron alone and ondansetron and dexamethasone combination in laparoscopic cholecystectomy under General Anaesthesia. Materials and Methods: 228 patients, between 18 to 60 years of age, of ASA class–I and class–II were scheduled which was planned for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia. Patients were selected and were randomly divided into two groups of 110 patients in one group and 118 patients in another group. Where Group I which received Ondansetron 4 mg alone and the other group assigned as Group II which received Ondansetron 4mg with Dexamethasone 8 mg and administered intravenously to both the groups at the time of peritoneum closure. Postoperatively, the patients were assessed for episodes of nausea, vomiting, retching, need for rescue antiemetic and observed for any adverse effects at intervals of 0–4, 4–8, and 8–24 hours of post–operative period. Results: Results were analyzed statistically. We had found the incidence of PONV and retching was 33% in Group–I and 10.17% in Group–II. The need for rescue antiemetic of total patients was 24.5% in Group–I and 8.5% in Group–II during first 24 hours of post operative period. Conclusions: Combination of ondansetron and dexamethasone was more effective than ondansetron alone in preventing post operative nausea vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.