A study of orthostatic hypertension and orthostatic hypotension in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital

Dr Gian Chand; Dr Harmandeep Singh Thabal; Dr Ajay Chhabra

Volume : VIII, Issue : III, March - 2019

A study of orthostatic hypertension and orthostatic hypotension in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital

Dr Gian Chand, Dr Harmandeep Singh Thabal, Dr Ajay Chhabra

Abstract :

Background– Diabetes Mellitus is regarded as the most common endocrine disorder of the world. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of orthostatic hypertension and orthostatic hypotension in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials & Methods– The present study comprised of a total of 200 individuals of both genders. 100 patients were of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with HbA1c ≥ 6.5% not on antihypertensive drugs and 100 persons were selected as age–sex matched controls (non diabetic individuals). Routine investigations such as Hb, TLC, DLC, Blood urea, Serum creatinine, lipid profile and specific investigations such as FBS, RBS and ECG was performed. Results– The mean age � SD in type 2 diabetes mellitus was 51.5 � 11.2 years, in type 2 diabetes mellitus with orthostatic hypotension (OH) was 54.71 � 8.31years, type 2 diabetes mellitus with orthostatic hypertension (OHT) was 58.35 � 11.6 years and in control was 54.61 � 9.39 years. BMI, TG, HRV resting, standing, FBS, RBS, HbA1c and duration showed significant difference between all groups (P< 0.05). The prevalence of orthostatic hypotension (OH) in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus was 45% and in control group was 2%. The prevalence of orthostatic hypertension (OHT) in cases was 8% and in control group was nil. The difference was highly significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion– Increased prevalence of orthostatic hypotension and hypertension was seen in patients suffering from type 2 DM. Cardiac autonomic neuropathy was present in patients with long history of diabetes mellitus. Triglycerides show a positive association with orthostatic hypertension in patients with DM.