A Study of Risk Factors of Stroke Patients Admitted in tertiary care teaching hospital in eastern Nepal:  a retrospective study

A K Yadav; SR Niraula; R. Bhandari; G.R.Paudel; V. K Shrivastav

Volume : VI, Issue : X, October - 2017

A Study of Risk Factors of Stroke Patients Admitted in tertiary care teaching hospital in eastern Nepal: a retrospective study

A K Yadav, Sr Niraula, R. Bhandari, G. R. Paudel, V. K Shrivastav

Abstract :

Background: Stroke is a state of non–convulsive, focal neurological deficit of aupt onset usually caused by ischemic infarction or hemorrhage in the ain^. It is third highest cause of death in developed countries and is the most disabling of all neurological diseases. Nearly one third of stroke patient die within weeks and 48% die within one year. .It is a global health problem and is a leading cause of adult disability

The Framingham profileconsisting of elevated systolic blood pressure, elevated serum cholesterol level, glucose intolerance, cigarette smoking and different heart disease like left ventricular hypertrophy identifies persons at highest risk of stroke.Objectives:To study the risk factors of stroke in adult patients.To know the epidemiological profileanddemography factors of stroke patients.Methods: After ethical clearance, A total 276 discharged file of stroke patients were retrospectively studied from January 2016 to December 2016 with the help of self–designed questionnaire to detect epidemiological profile, demography profile and risk factors of stroke patients.Diagnosis of stroke was confirmed by CT scan of ain.Collected data were entered in Microsoft excel 2007 and converted it into SPSS for statistical analysis. Results. The maximum occurrence of stroke was seen in patients > 60 years. It showed higher percentage of males 180 (65%) than females 96 (35%). Other conventional modifiable risk factors were seen as follows: 195(71. %) were hypertensive, 55(20%) were diabetics: 16(5.8%) had Dyslipidemias, 163(59.1%) were cigarette smoker, 169(61.2%) were alcohol consumer, 22.6% had history of different types of heart disease. Analysis of stroke subtypes showed preponderance of haemorrhagic stroke in 158 (57.2%) as against infarction in 118 (42.8%) of cases. Out of 158 haemorrhagic stroke patients, 44(16%) had Intraventricular extension.

Regarding outcome of stroke patients: 175(63.4%) were discharge from ward, 33(12%) were operated,10(3.6%) had notoperated, 14(5.1%) went on LAMA, 12(4.3%) had ICU admissionand 7(2.5%) had mortality.Conclusion:The maximum occurrence of stroke was seen in patients > 60 years. Overall male preponderance and higher occurrence of haemorrhagic stroke was seen in our study. Significant risk factors in order of descending order were hypertension, alcohol use, cigarette smoking, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, different heart disease.Understanding exact etiology and planning preventive strategies can reduce future stroke burden for developing country like Nepal.