A Study to Correlate Between Gastro-Intestinal Lesions And Chronic Tobacco Ingestion In Central Rajasthan : An Endoscopic Study.

Dr RAJMANI; Dr M.P. SHARMA

Volume : VIII, Issue : II, February - 2019

A Study to Correlate Between Gastro-Intestinal Lesions And Chronic Tobacco Ingestion In Central Rajasthan : An Endoscopic Study.

Dr Rajmani, Dr M. P. Sharma

Abstract :

INTRODUCTION:

There is high prevalence of tobacco ingestion in India. Peoples used tobacco in several forms. The effect of chronic ingestion of tobacco on the gastro –intestinal mucosa varies from ulcerations/erosions to the occurrence of malignancies.

Aims :

To determine relation between chronic use of tobacco products and gastrointestinal lesions

Materials AND Methods : 200 patients presenting to the Outpatient Dept. Of Gastroenterology and Medicine with symptoms of dyspepsia warranting upper G.I Endoscopy were divided into two groups of 100 each(100 smokers/tobacco chewers and 100 non–smokers). All 200 patients underwent UGI Endoscopy and biopsy of visible lesion, if required.

Results :

Out of the 200 patients, 80 had normal endoscopy results, whereas 120 had significant findings. Amongst these 120, 80(76.33 %) were smokers/tobacco chewers, while other 40(26.67%) did not consume any form of tobacco. In the 120 patients with significant findings, the majority of the lesions were present in the Gastric Antrum(40%) whereas the area least affected was middle 1/3rd of oesophagus(1%). 60 patients had erosions, 40 had ulcerations without any bleeding, 4 had ulcerations with active bleeding and 16 patients had a growth arising from gastric or esophageal mucosa, which were biopsied. Out of 16 patients with growth, 11 were consumed tobacco in various form. 14 of these were microscopically proven to be malignant, 8 of which were squamous cell carcinoma and 6 were adeno– carcinoma.

Conclusions

The present study has shown a very high association of chronic tobacco intake with the development of endoscopically visible gastrointestinal disease. The rate of development of gastrointestinal malignancy was also found to be significantly higher in patients who were chronic smokers or tobacco chewers.