Anemia during pregnancy is a major public health problem-A prospective study at Thoothukkudi Medical College Hospital.

Dr. K.Hemalatha; Dr.N.Adalarasan; Dr. R. Narayanababu

Volume : VII, Issue : VI, June - 2018

Anemia during pregnancy is a major public health problem-A prospective study at Thoothukkudi Medical College Hospital.

Dr. K. Hemalatha, Dr. N. Adalarasan, Dr. R. Narayanababu

Abstract :

OBJECTIVESANDBACKGROUND

Anemiaduringpregnancy isamajorpublichealthproblemespeciallyin developing countrieslike India. This prospectivestudy is aimed to find out the incidenceofpreeclampsiainmild,moderate,andsevereanemiaand toanalysethe synergisticeffectofanemiawithpreeclampsiainpregnancyassociatedMorbidity and Mortality.

METHODS;

This prospectiveobservationalstudywas carried out at Govt.Thoothukkudi Medical College Hospitalduring the period of Jan2016 to December 2016 on 200 patients Pregnantwomenattending theantenataloutpatientdepartmentandlabourwardwithhemoglobinvalue lessthan11gmsandafter20 weeksofgestationwereselectedforthestudy. Afterrecording thebaselinedata, patientswithmoderateandsevereanemiawere advisedadmission foranemiaevaluation andtreatment.Inthesepatientstheincidenceofpreeclampsia atthetimeofadmission werecalculated.Thepatientswithpreeclampsia wereadmittedforpreeclampsia evaluationTheselectedpatientsweremonitoredandfollowedtill delivery

RESULTS;

Inthisstudy 83%ofthepatientswereinthemoderateanemiawithHb7.to10 gms.11%ofthepatientswereinthesevereanemiawithHblessthan7grams and 6%of the cases were in the mild anemia(Hb10–11gms). This studywas showed the

association betweenanemiaandthepreeclampsia,anemicpatients weremoreprone to develop preeclampsia duetoassociatedhypoproteinemia. Moresevere theanemia, greaterthechance togetpreeclampsia.Incidenceofpreeclampsiainthestudywas

18.5%,thepvalueshows.000highlysignificantIncidenceofseverepreeclampsiawas

11.5%andincidenceof mild preeclampsiawas 7%.Maternaloutcome ofthe study showedthatAtonicPPH–6%.Pulmonaryedema–1.5%,Deathoccurredinonecasein the studypopulation.Both HELLP and DIVC occurred in one case 0.5%.Abruptio placentaoccurredin1%.Eclampsiaoccurredin2%ofthecases.20% of babies were low birth weight

CONCLUSION

Anemiaduringpregnancy isstillcontinuestobeamajorproblemindeveloping countries withmaternalandfetalcomplications Thecoexistence ofpreeclampsia in anemicwomen�s worsening the situation. In preeclampsia, there was already intravascularvolumedepletionhenceanemiagetsmaskedthepatientsarenotableto copeupevenwithmildbloodlossduringdelivery.Correctdiagnosisandtreatmentof theunderlyingcausecan improvethematernaloutcome.Wehavetocounselthepregnantmothersduring theirantenatalcheckupregarding the importanceofbloodpressure monitoring, screening andcorrectionofanemiapriorto pregnancy and Ironandfolicacidsupplementation.TheTenthplanstrategieshastobe effectively implementedtoallpregnantwomenwithanemiatoreducethematernal mortalityandmorbidityandlongterm consequencesofanemia.