Audiological Evaluation in Hypothyroid Patients and effect of Thyroxine Replacement Therapy

Ramsiya Singh; Mohd Aftab; Sachin Jain; Dinesh Kumar

Volume : VII, Issue : III, March - 2018

Audiological Evaluation in Hypothyroid Patients and effect of Thyroxine Replacement Therapy

Ramsiya Singh, Mohd Aftab, Sachin Jain, Dinesh Kumar

Abstract :

Aims: To do the audiological evaluation of patients with hypothyroidism and to assess status of he� after thyroxin replacement therapy (TRT).

Materials and Methods: Two groups were included: a hypothyroidism group (HG, n=50), and a control group (CG, n=50). Parameters studied: anominesic data, duration of hypothyroidism, comorbidities, cochleovestibular symptoms, biochemical and hormonal exams (TSH, FT4 and FT3), pure tone audiometry(PTA), impendence audiometry and BERA as where required.

Results: Mean age of the patients in HG was 26.5�10.4 yrs. Male/Female ratio was 2.39. All HG patients had altered TSH values and 8% had diminished T4 values. Cochleovestibular symptoms were more common in hypothyroid patients (48%) than control (20%) P value . Pure Tone Audiometric threshold was found higher in 34% of cases. Sensorineural he� loss was most common (76.46%) compared to conductive and mixed he� loss. BERA showed significant prolonged absolute peak latency of wave III, inter peak latency(IPL) of wave I–III and reduced amplitude of wave Ia and Va. After thyroxine replacement therapy there was statistically significant improvement in he� threshold in 46.42% ears (p˂0.05), (if≥5dB he� improvement cosider as significant). The significant improvement was also found in BERA, in amplitude of wave Va. Site of involvement was at several levels, middle ear, cochlear or retro–cochlear.

Conclusion: HG patients had more cochleovestibular symptoms, higher audiometric thresholds, increase in latency of wave III, IPLof I–III and reduced Ia and Va ampliude in the BERA. After TRT improvement in he� threshold and BERA was found.