BCG VACCINATION STATUS AMONG THE LEPROSY CASES IN LEPROSY ERADICATION ERA AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Jignesh B. Vaishnani; Neerav M. Patel

Volume : VII, Issue : XII, December - 2018

BCG VACCINATION STATUS AMONG THE LEPROSY CASES IN LEPROSY ERADICATION ERA AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Jignesh B. Vaishnani, Neerav M. Patel

Abstract :

Background: Meta–analysis has confirmed that BCG vaccine is effective in preventing leprosy, but still there is no uniform policy for the adult BCG vaccination for the prevention of the leprosy in India. Low Proportion of the fully immunized individual might be at risk for the both tuberculosis and leprosy.

Aims: This study was designed to know the effect & status of the BCG vaccination among different types of leprosy.

Methods: All new untreated leprosy patients detected between April–2014 to March–2017 were included in study. Demographic Data with clinical characteristics of leprosy, slit smear, were collected. BCG vaccination status was noted by the presence or absence of the scar in deltoid region of the arm.

Result: Borderline leprosy was commonest 83 (40.29%) followed by Lepromatous Leprosy 49 (23.79%), Tuberculoid Leprosy 42 (20.39%), pure neural Leprosy 32(15.53%) out of 206 patients. Among 59 Pauci–Bacillary (PB) cases, BCG scar was present in 19 (32.20%) and absent in 40 (67.80 %). Out of 147 MB cases BCG scar was present in 40 (27.21%) and absent in 107 (72.79%). The difference between vaccinated and non–vaccinated group for different types of leprosy was not statistically significant.

Conclusion: Present study highlighted more number of Leprosy cases without previous BCG vaccination. Further Previous infant BCG vaccination is not appeared to have effect on disease evolution with increase age among leprosy cases.