COMPARISON OF CLONIDINE AND FENTANYL WHEN USED WITH BUPIVACAINE IN CAUDAL ANAESTHESIA FOR PROLONGATION OF POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA IN PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS.

DR. AKIL HUSSAIN; DR. AMIT DAHIYA; DR. MEENAXI SHARMA

Volume : V, Issue : VII, July - 2016

COMPARISON OF CLONIDINE AND FENTANYL WHEN USED WITH BUPIVACAINE IN CAUDAL ANAESTHESIA FOR PROLONGATION OF POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA IN PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS.

Dr. Akil Hussain, Dr. Amit Dahiya, Dr. Meenaxi Sharma

Abstract :

BACKGROUND: This prospective double blind, randomized study was undertaken to compare Clonidine and fentanyl as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in caudal anaesthesia for prolongation of postoperative analgesia in paediatric patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 ASA grade I and II patients aged between 2 and 10 years who were undergoing elective lower abdominal and urogenital surgeries were randomly assigned into one of the two groups, containing 30 patients each. Group C received 1 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine with 1 mcg/kg clonidine in normal saline and Group F received 1ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine with 1 mcg/kg fentanyl in normal saline as single shot caudal epidural anaesthesia. The efficacy of fentanyl and clonidine in terms of quality and duration of analgesia were recorded over the period of 24 hours postoperatively. RESULTS: The mean duration of analgesia was significantly longer in group C than in group F (p<0.05). The requirement of rescue medication at 10 hours in group F was 43% and group C was 16% where as at 18 hours in group F was 63% and group C was 30% which was found to be statistically significant.(p<0.05)There was no statistically significant differences in systolic, diastolic, mean blood pressure and heart rate observed in the 24 hour postoperative period among both the groups. Conclusion: 1mcg/kg clonidine significantly increases the quality and duration of analgesia in comparison to 1mcg/kg fentanyl when used as an adjuvant with 1ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine as single shot caudal epidural anaesthesia, without any serious side effects.