Diagnostic Evaluation of Premalignant & Malignant Cervical Lesions by Colposcopy versus Cytology & Histopathology

Dr Meeta Agnihotri; Dr.Suman Gupta

Volume : VI, Issue : VIII, August - 2017

Diagnostic Evaluation of Premalignant & Malignant Cervical Lesions by Colposcopy versus Cytology & Histopathology

Dr Meeta Agnihotri, Dr. Suman Gupta

Abstract :

Background: Cancer cervix is the second most common cancer in women after carcinoma east in the world, while it is the leading cancer in women in the developing countries including India. Detected in pre–malignant stages, cervical cancer is preventable and curable, so detection of premalignant lesions is very important. The cervical cytology examination followed by a colposcopic examination and biopsy are the common tool for the early detection and the establishment of diagnosis of the cervical inflammatory and precancerous lesions. Objectives: The study was undertaken with the aim of evaluation the various techniques individually as well as in complementary to each other in identification of premalignant and malignant of lesions of cervix. Material and Methods: The present study was done in Department of Pathology of Career Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow in collaboration Obestetrics & Gynaecology department of same institute in between July 2016– December 2016 (ie.6 months). A prior approval was taken from Institutional Ethical Committee. Outdoor, Indoor patients were taken from hospital of Career Institute of Medical Sciences and evaluated by cytology, Colposcopy and colposcopy directed biopsy in Department of Pathology. Results: A total 110 cases were taken clinically examined and diagnosed as having premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix. Most of the cases were clinically diagnosed as chronic cervicitis with erosion i.e. 50 cases (45.45%), followed by chronic cervicitis i.e. 42 cases (38.18%). 18 cases were suspicious of malignancy. In present study the colposcopy was negative in 64% cases which included normal, unsatisfactory and inflammatory cases. In histo pathological findings maximum number of cases were of premalignant (46%) and malignant condition (9.1%). On correlating cytology finding with histology, sensitivity of cytology was calculated to be 55.7% where as specificity was determined was 95.9%. in the study group 36 patient were shoeing premalignant and malignant lesion on cytology where as 61 cases were positive by histopathology. Conclusion: The cytological, colposcopic and histo pathlogical finding in the present study pattern emphasizes that a combined approach not only improves the diagnostic accuracy but help in identifying the lesion at pre invasive stage.