Diagnostic role of platelet indices and bone marrow examination in thrombocytopenia

Dr. Poonam Nanwani; Dr. Sativan Khatri

Volume : VIII, Issue : V, May - 2019

Diagnostic role of platelet indices and bone marrow examination in thrombocytopenia

Dr. Poonam Nanwani, Dr. Sativan Khatri

Abstract :

Introduction:– Thrombocytopenia is a significant finding in hospitalized patients. Bone marrow aspiration help in differentiate, whether it is due to hypoproduction or hyperdestruction. Automated blood cell analyzer enable to measure platelet indices such as mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet size deviation width (PDW) and platelet–large cell ratio (P–LCR). These have ought about some information for thrombocytopenia. Aim: To study the relationship of platelet indices with respect to the underlying mechanism of thrombocytopenia diagnosed on the basis of bone marrow examination. Method and material – Retrospective study, carried out in Department of Pathology from January 2017 to December 2018. A total of 57 cases were studied. Bone marrow examination report, Platelet indices and relevant clinical details of the thrombocytopenic patients were collected. Results : with the help of bone marrow aspiration we divide the cases of thrombocytopenia in hyperdestructive and hypodestructive thrombocytopenia. In hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia patients, the MPV and P–LCR were significantly higher; the best cutoff value for MPV was greater than 10.9 fl and for P–LCR was greater than 33.9 %, with a diagnostic accuracy of 81.2 and 97.4%, respectively. Conclusion The Platelet indices should be considered in the diagnosis of thrombocytopenia along with bone marrow aspiration for diagnosis of thrombocytopenia. Mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width and P–LCR provide useful information in discriminating the hypoproductive and hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia.