Volume : VII, Issue : VIII, August - 2018

ERTUGLIFLOZIN - A NOVEL SGLT 2 INHIBITOR - A REVIEW

Shaiju S. Dharan, Mathan S, Merlin N J, Sarath Kumar S J

Abstract :

Glucose is the main source of energy for the entire living beings. Glucose is absorbed from various sources and are metabolized in several ways for the need of organisms. Kidneys play an important role in glucose metabolism which are responsible for the reabsorption of glucose. They contribute to glucose balance by producing glucose through gluconeogenesis, utilizing glucose in renal medulla and nearly 100% re–absorption of the filtered glucose. Number of different drugs are available for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. They are sulphonylurea, biguanides, meglitinides, alpha glycosidase inhibitor, glitazones etc. Mechanism of action of available drugs includes increasing insulin secretion, increasing insulin sensitivity, controlling hepatic glucose release or inhibiting intestinal glucose absorption. These drugs has many adverse effects mainly hypoglycaemia. The other side effects include weight loss, lactic acidosis etc.This review focusses on the novel antidiabetic drug Ertugliflozin. Sodium–dependant glucose co–transporters (SGLT1 and SGLT2), also known as co–transporters or symporters, are integral memane proteins that mediate the transport of glucose with much lower affinity and galactose across the plasma memane by an active transport mechanism. This transport process cotransport glucose molecule and sodium ions. The energetically favored movement of a sodium ion across the plasma memane into the cell is driven by a concentration gradient and a memane potential and is coupled with transport of sodium ions in to the cell across the apical cell memane which is pumped by a sodium/potassium ATPase across the basolateral memane via glucose transport facilitators designated GLUT–Proteins.The SGLT1 is a high affinity, low–capacity sodium–glucose symporter with sodium–to glucose coupling ratio of 2:1. The transporter is expressed mainly in intestine, heart, and kidneys. Ertugliflozin is a new Sodium–Glucose co–Transporter–2 (SGLT–2) blocker, which inhibits the re–absorption of glucose from the kidneys, thereby causing loss of glucose in the urine and reduction of blood sugar levels and weight loss.

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Article: Download PDF   DOI : 10.36106/ijsr  

Cite This Article:

Shaiju S. Dharan, Mathan S, Merlin N J, Sarath Kumar S J, ERTUGLIFLOZIN – A NOVEL SGLT 2 INHIBITOR – A REVIEW, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH : Volume-7 | Issue-8 | August-2018

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