Histopathological profile of Gynaecological neoplasms in Malwa Region of Punjab: a five year experience in a teaching hospital.

Sarita Nibhoria; Harpreet Kaur; Rama Kumari Badyal

Volume : VIII, Issue : III, March - 2019

Histopathological profile of Gynaecological neoplasms in Malwa Region of Punjab: a five year experience in a teaching hospital.

Sarita Nibhoria, Harpreet Kaur, Rama Kumari Badyal

Abstract :

The tumours of the female genital tract draw our attention due to their histologic diversity and significant cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. The most common type of female genital tract cancers are – cervical, ovarian and endometrial cancer while tumours of vagina, vulva and fallopian tubes are relatively rare. According to WHO, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Aim: The aim of the study was to study the histologic diversity of tumours of the female genital tract in Southern Punjab as well as to evaluate the present scenario of tumours. Material and methods: In the present all the neoplastic lesions confined to the female genital tract (uterus, cervix, ovary, fallopian tubes, vulva, and vagina) were included in the study while the non–neoplastic lesions of the female genital tract were excluded from the study. Routine H&E stained sections were studied. Results: There were a total of 3438 tumours, out of which Benign tumours (55.3%) outnumbered the malignant ones (44.6%) with a tail of borderline tumours (0.3%). Carcinoma cervix (67.1%) was found to be the most common malignant tumour followed by ovarian carcinoma (16.4%) whereas in the category of benign tumours, Leiomyoma (87.3%) was the most common entity. Conclusion: The tumours of the female genital tract show different patterns of distribution worldwide with ethnic, environmental and geographical variations. Carcinoma cervix is the most common gynaecological malignancy in the Southern Punjab while they are far less in the western world because of better screening programmes and vaccination against Human Papilloma virus (HPV). These studies need to be done to find out the differences in the epidemiological profile of cancers, to find out the incidence of cancer, and to study the risk factors associated with them. This may also suggest the preventive measures to deal with the increased incidence of cancer in this part of Punjab.