Hypothyroidism, Hyperlipidemia and Hyperhomocysteinemia cause Cardiovascular Diseases

Shaikh Mahmood; Shahana Sarwar; Syyeda Anees; Abbas Hyder

Volume : V, Issue : X, October - 2016

Hypothyroidism, Hyperlipidemia and Hyperhomocysteinemia cause Cardiovascular Diseases

Shaikh Mahmood, Shahana Sarwar, Syyeda Anees, Abbas Hyder

Abstract :

Hypothyroidism is significantly impaired lipid metabolism and increase cardiovascular disease risk. The plasma levels of High Density Lipoprotein – Cholesterol (HDL–C) and Apolipoprotein – A1 (APO – A1) were altered in patients with hypothyroidism. This change was mediated by hyperhomocysteinemia. Hyperhomocysteinemia significantly induced insulin resistance and impaired coronary artery endothelial function in patients with hypothyroidism. Hyperhomocysteinemia is also an independent risk factor for condirac diseases. Method: A total of 800 subjects were enrolled, among them control group (n=744) and hypothyroidism (n=56). The Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) in hypothyroidism was found over 5.2 �IU/ml and in control group was below 5.2 �U/ml. The plasma levels of lipid indexes were measured. Statistical analysis were performed to evaluate the correlation between them. The plasma levels of lipid were significantly found higher in the hypothyroidism. The plasma homocysteine level of controls was found below 15 mmol/L and the plasma homocysteine level of hyptyroidism was found over 15 mmol/L. The plasma level of homocysteine was significantly higher in hypothyroidism. Results: The Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) level was significantly higher in the hypothyroidism the controls (p<0.05) the plasma levels of High Density Lipoprotein – Cholesterol (HDL–C) and Apolipoprotein A1 (Apo–A1) were markedly increased compared to controls (Apo A1: p <0.05: HDL – C p<0.01). The plasma homocysteine level was correlated with level of Apo A1 in hypothyroidism r = 0.32 and control r = 0.317: all <0.01 Conclusion:Hypothyroidism significantly impaires lipid metabolism and increases cardiovascular disease risk. Homocysteine levels were significantly increased in patients with hypothyroidism. This increased homomcysteine levels impaire cardiovascular function via the inhibition of Apo–A1 expression and impairment of its antioxidants capacity.The present finding provide new era into the pathogenesis of hypothyroidism in induced metabolic disorders.