Incidence Of Congenital Anomalies During Pregnancy And Associated Risk Factors At University Hospital In Jeddah

Awad Elkhadir; Laila Ashkar; Bander S Almutairy; Bashair Alhidri; Bayan Alsaud; Esraa Jadallah; Samaher Binmahfouz

Volume : VII, Issue : II, February - 2018

Incidence Of Congenital Anomalies During Pregnancy And Associated Risk Factors At University Hospital In Jeddah

Awad Elkhadir, Laila Ashkar, Bander S Almutairy, Bashair Alhidri, Bayan Alsaud, Esraa Jadallah, Samaher Binmahfouz

Abstract :

Background: Several types of congenital fetal malformations (CMs) can be detected in pregnant ladies by ultrasound (U/S). Socioeconomic, demographic and genetic factors are to be considered the most influential risk factors.

Objective: To assess the frequency and nature of CMs, as well as the associated risk factors during conception, among pregnant ladies at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) during the study period.

Material and Methods: From 2012–2015 a total of 9352 U/S were performed at KAUH in pregnant ladies. Data was collected retrospectively from the patient�s records in the radiology information system regarding the risk factors and analyzed for the type and frequency of CMs.

Results: 9352 U/S reports were surveyed. Of 70 foetuses with CMs sonographically detected, the incidences of head/neck was 61.42%, urinary system 20%, limbs 7.14%, pelvic/spine 4.29%, abdominal wall 4.29% and cardio respiratory system was 2.86%. Nationality, consanguinity marriage, family history and maternal age constituted the most common risk factors. Consanguineous marriage was more common among Saudi citizens; 74.3% compared to non–Saudi 25.7%.

Conclusion: Several types of fetal CMs were detected in pregnant ladies at KAUH –Jeddah, in particular among Saudi citizens during the study period. Socioeconomic, demographic and genetic factors are influential risk factors that need to be considered during the antenatal visits and history taking.