NEONATAL PROFILE AND OUTCOME OF THE NEONATES ADMITTED IN NICU: A HOSPITAL BASED PROSPECTVE STUDY

Yudhvir Singh Kotwal; Farooq Ahmed Jan; Ghulam Hassan Yatoo; Sangita Kotwal

Volume : VII, Issue : V, May - 2018

NEONATAL PROFILE AND OUTCOME OF THE NEONATES ADMITTED IN NICU: A HOSPITAL BASED PROSPECTVE STUDY

Yudhvir Singh Kotwal, Farooq Ahmed Jan, Ghulam Hassan Yatoo, Sangita Kotwal

Abstract :

BACKGROUND: India contributes to about 1.2 million deaths every year out of the four million newborn babies who die in the first month of life out of which. India thus faces the biggest newborn health challenge of any country in the world. A study of NICU was undertaken at SKIMS Srinagar to determine the profile and outcome of the neonates admitted to a NICU of a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Jammu & Kashmir.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive case series hospital based prospective study was conducted over a period of one year from with effect from 1^st January 2013 to 31^stDecember 2013 in NICU of SKIMS Srinagar by following neonates from admission to discharge, LAMA or death collecting the data by using a proforma.

RESULTS: The three most common cause of admission was Neonatal Jaundice (26.7%), Septicemia (19.1%), and Prematurity (12.5%). The neonatal mortality in the NICU was 9.8%. The neonatal mortality in late neonatal period was slightly more than in the early neonatal period (12.0% versus 9.2%; p–value =0.014). The gender wise outcome of the neonates admitted to NICU revealed that neonatal mortality in male was slightly more than female (11.1% versus 8%; p–value=0.1012). It was found that death in pre–term (<37 weeks) was more than those born at term (37–42 weeks) (16.8% versus 5.4%; p–value<0.0001). About 3/4th of the extremely low weight (<1000g) neonates expired and the p– value was calculated at <0.0001 meaning thereby that weight on admission is very strongly associated (p<0.0001) with outcome of the neonates. For the outcome according to place of delivery it was found that the mortality in the neonates born in the health institution was less than neonates born at home (8% versus 25.5%; p–value<0.0001). The neonatal mortality in the neonates born to illiterate mothers was more than literate mothers (17.7% versus 6.3%; p–value<0.00001).

CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that the age at admission, gestational age, weight on admission, place of delivery and literacy of mothers is associated with outcome. However, the gender , place of residence and type of family is not associated with outcome of the neonates in NICU.