Occurrence of infections caused by Non Fermenting Gram Negative Bacilli in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Dr. Mahambare Ankita; Dr. Gaude Pravina; Dr Pereira Ouzel Maryann; Pinto Maria Jose Wiseman

Volume : IX, Issue : II, February - 2020

Occurrence of infections caused by Non Fermenting Gram Negative Bacilli in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Dr. Mahambare Ankita, Dr. Gaude Pravina, Dr Pereira Ouzel Maryann, Pinto Maria Jose Wiseman

Abstract :

Background: Non fermenting Gram Negative Bacilli (NFGNB) have been incriminated as important nosocomial pathogens, often exhibiting multidrug resistance and creating treatment problems and failures. Objectives: To determine the frequency of isolation, identification and antibiogram pattern of NFGNB from various clinical specimens and to correlate with age, gender, sample type, ward/unit where admitted, clinical diagnosis and risk factors. Methods: Various samples received for cultural analysis for aerobic bacteria were subjected to primary gram staining and culture on solid and liquid media. Bacterial species isolated were identified and tested for antibiogram pattern using standard laboratory procedures. Results: A total of 1980 NFGNB were isolated from 27774 samples (7.1%). The commonest non fermenters were Acinetobacter species (55.5%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (42.9%). Acinetobacter species showed 67.9% sensitivity to Imipenem / Meropenem and 65.9% sensitivity to Colistin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be sensitive to Piperacillin – Tazobactam (70.6%) and Colistin (64.9%). Infections with these organisms were common in older individuals, above 60 years of age (26.7%) and the male:female ratio was 1.2:1. Samples yielding NFGNB were predominantly pus (40.6%), Endotracheal (ET) tubes (23.9%) and urine (18.6%). Patients were from ICU (32.1%) and Surgery wards (24.3%). Clinically, wound infections predominated (42.3%). Important risk factors were use of ventilator and prolonged antibiotic therapy (24.7% and 14.3% respectively). Conclusion: Occurrence of NFGNB and their antibiogram pattern varies across geographic boundaries and within hospital units, necessitating periodic surveillance to achieve appropriate selection of antimicrobial therapy.