PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B AND SYPHILIS IN PREGNANCY

Dr. Anita Sharma; Dr. Rohitash Kularia; Dr. Sharanbasu Diggi; Dr. Ajay B.R; Dr. Liyakat Ali Gauri

Volume : V, Issue : V, May - 2016

PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B AND SYPHILIS IN PREGNANCY

Dr. Anita Sharma, Dr. Rohitash Kularia, Dr. Sharanbasu Diggi, Dr. Ajay B. R, Dr. Liyakat Ali Gauri

Abstract :

Infectious disease exposures and infections during pregnancy are common events. Infectious diseases may impact the pregnant women in several ways, including morbidity and mortality, precipitating fetal loss and transplacental infection of the fetus. Hence pregnant women are at higher risk for morbidity and mortality for several infectious diseases than age matched non pregnant women. Hepatitis B is a leading cause worldwide of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma accounting for 1 million deaths annually. Syphilis is caused by spirochete, Treponema pallidum, infection occurs primarily as a result of sexual contact. The organism penetrates mucosal barriers and is highly contagious. Infection develops in 10% of contacts after a single exposure and in 70% after multiple exposures. Syphilis also may be transmitted perinatal route with devastating consequences for the fetus. In this study we aimed at knowing the prevalence of both Hepatitis B and Syphilis in pregnant women. Out of 500 cases, prevalence of Hepatitis B and Syphilis was 2.6% and 0.8% respectively. In our study 2 cases each were RPR positive in 4th and 5th gravida. 2 (0.4%) HBsAg positive cases were having history of abortion / still births and 11 (2.2%) cases had no history of previous abortions and 2 RPR positive cases were present in both groups considering the fact that 2 HBsAg positive cases and 2 RPR positive cases were present in 36 cases with history of abortion or still births was a strong association of these complications with HBV infection and syphilis. 75 (15%) cases had history of blood transfusion and 425 (85%) had no history of blood transfusion, out of 75 cases, 4 cases were HBsAg positive. Hence it is necessary for screening of pregnant women with Hepatitis B and Syphilis to know the prevalence and prevent further transmission by effective treatment and with necessary precautions. This in turn improves the outcome of the patient and the newborn.