Role of Diagnostic Laparoscopy in  Infertility � Study of 50 cases

Dr Vandana K. Saini; Dr Sachin C. Patel; Dr Kishor Kawad

Volume : II, Issue : VII, July - 2013

Role of Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Infertility � Study of 50 cases

Dr Vandana K. Saini, Dr Sachin C. Patel, Dr Kishor Kawad

Abstract :

Objective(s) : To evaluate role of diagnostic laparoscopy in evaluation of Uterine, Tubal, Ovarian and pelvic anatomy and pathology which is responsible for infertility. Method(s) : A total of 50 women underwent diagnostic laparoscopy during the period of July 2010 to August 2012. Age ranged from 21 years to 40 years. After doing all the workup as required, diagnostic endoscopy was done under general anesthesia along with Chromopertubation for testing tubal patency. Observations : Majority of patients (70%) were from age group of 21 - 30 years with average duration of active married life of 2 - 6 years. 68% of the patients were having primary infertility and 32% were having secondary infertility. Abnormal Laparoscopic findings were noted in 74% cases .Ovarian factor was responsible for 34% cases, tubal factor for 22% cases, pelvic pathology for 20% and uterine factor for 10% cases. Unilateral tubal blockage was diagnosed in 10% cases and bilateral tubal blockage in 3% . In 4% cases bilateral block with beaded appearance found suggestive of TB. Uterine anomalies were found in 10% patients. Myomas were found in 6% of the cases. Of total 50 cases, 14% cases were found to have endometriosis, 22% had polycystic disease of ovary (PCOD), chocolate cyst found in 10% cases and 11% had functional cyst of ovary. Pelvic adhesions were found in 7% patients. During laparoscopy 2% had extra peritoneal insufflations of air while during postoperative period 4% had abdominal pain and 4% had wound sepsis. Conclusion: Approximately two third (74%) of cases had some form of tubal, peritoneal, uterine and ovarian pathologies which makes laparoscopy as an invaluable part of infertility workup. Its added value in reduced morbidity, shorter hospital stay and cosmetic has helped to establish its place in contemporary and future gynecologic practice. However, use of other non-penetrative tools should be considered first to avoid complications of the procedure.