Study of outcome of cataract surgery in diabetic and non-diabetic patients-case control study

Volume : VII, Issue : VIII, August - 2018

Dr. Ankit Modi, Dr. Mahendra Kumar Meena

Aims & Objectives: To compare the visual outcome following cataract surgery in

diabetics and non–diabetics

Method: A prospective case series descriptive study of 50 eyes in the diabetic group and 50 eyes in the non – diabetic group that underwent small

incision cataract surgery with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. Age, sex, surgical technique, follow up and pre– and postoperative

best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were evaluated.

Results: Overall 100 patients (50 diabetic and 50 non diabetics), of which 61 were males and 39 females. The mean age group of the patients in

diabetic group was 59.62 � 6.74 years and 56 � 7.20 years in control group. Of the diabetics 86% patients were on treatment and 64% patients had

good glycaemic control prior to surgery. All patients underwent small incision cataract surgery. Follow up duration was 6 weeks. Mean preoperative

best corrected visual acuity in the diabetic group was 1.31 +0.45 and that in the control (non–diabetic) group was 1.35 +0.50. Mean postoperative

best corrected visual acuity in logMAR units in the diabetic group was 0.32 + 0.4 and in the control group was 0.29 +0.5. The difference in

pre and post op visual outcome was statistically significant (p=0.01). Post–operative visual acuity of 6/12 or better was achieved in 68% eyes in

diabetics and 78% among non–diabetics. Post–operative complications included: corneal edema, striate keratopathy, anterior chamber reaction,

pigment dispersion, cystoids macular edema and posterior capsular opacification. The incidence was significantly higher in the diabetic group

(p<0.01).

Conclusion: Cataract surgery in diabetic patients without retinopathy led to favourable and comparable visual outcomes to that of non–diabetics.

The incidence of postoperative complication was more in the diabetic group.