VARIATION AND EVALUATION OF GROUND WATER LEVELS AND WATER QUALITY IN KANDI AND SIROWAL BELTS OF JAMMU DISTRICT, JAMMU AND KASHMIR, INDIA

Priya Kanwar; Nelofar Khan; Kanwar. P. Singh

Volume : III, Issue : IX, September - 2014

VARIATION AND EVALUATION OF GROUND WATER LEVELS AND WATER QUALITY IN KANDI AND SIROWAL BELTS OF JAMMU DISTRICT, JAMMU AND KASHMIR, INDIA

Priya Kanwar, Nelofar Khan, Kanwar. P. Singh

Abstract :

This study was conducted to analyse the variations and evaluate the ground water levels and quality in Kandi and Sirowal belts of Jammu district of Jammu and Kashmir State. The Kandi and Sirowal belts form the major aquifer systems in the district of which Sirowal belt is more prolific. The two belts comprised of the sediments deposited by the streams. Ground water in these belts occurs under both unconfined and confined conditions in Sirowal and under unconfined to semi–confined conditions in Kandi belt. Detailed hydrogeological investigation associated with periodic ground water levels and water quality monitoring helped in generating the overall idea of the variation in these two parameters in the aquifer system of the area. The dtwl was measured in 41 designated NHNS for pre–monsoon as well as post– monsoon seasons of 2012. The variation in ground water quality of Kandi–Sirowal belt of Jammu district was evaluated using chemical quality results of 54 water samples collected from NHNS during pre monsoon season viz., May 2012. The chemical parameters like specific conductance, pH, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, SO4, HCO3, NO3, F, TH and Fe were determined and were compared with the water quality standards of BIS for drinking purpose. The important constituents that influence the water quality for irrigation such as Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (MAR), Permeability Index (PI), and Kellys Ratio (KR) were assessed and were compared with standard limits.