A CLINICAL STUDY: INCIDENCE, AGE SEX,CLINICAL FEATURES AND MANAGEMENT OF THYROID MALIGNANCIES

Dr. M.Chinna Malleswari; Dr. M.Chitti Babu

Volume : X, Issue : VII, July - 2020

A CLINICAL STUDY: INCIDENCE, AGE SEX,CLINICAL FEATURES AND MANAGEMENT OF THYROID MALIGNANCIES

Dr. M. Chinna Malleswari, Dr. M. Chitti Babu

Abstract :

Background: Thyroid malignancies account for 90% of endocrinal malignancies. The incidence of thyroid malignancies has increased three fold over the past 3 decades. Many patients present to the surgical outpatient department with a thyroid nodule. Objective: The relative incidence of various thyroid malignancies ,age and sex distribution of thyroid malignancies and initial modes of presentation of individual thyroid cancers. The frequency of lymph nodal and distant metastases in different thyroid cancers and the most common organs involved by distant spread in thyroid cancers. A clinical examination is always the first step to assess a nodule. A thyroid profile is also essential. This is accompanied by certain tests which increase the rate of detection. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the present gold standard and primary tool for assessing risk of malignancy. Other tests include ultrasonography, thyroid scintigraphy, CT scan and MRI. Materials And Methods : This is a combined retrospective and prospective study of 40 cases of primary malignant tumours of thyroid diagnosed and treated in Kurnool Medical College between July 2014 and October, 2016. Inclusion Criteria: Those patients with postoperative histopathological confirmation of thyroid malignancy were included in the study. Exclusion Criteria : Those patients with benign histopathology proven after surgery were excluded from the study. Results: Peak incidence of thyroid cancer was noted in 30–40 years age group. Majority of patients were female. Female to male ratio was 1.35:1. Majority of the patients had Papillary Carcinoma of thyroid (80%). Next most common type of thyroid cancer was Medullary Carcinoma (10%).95% of patients had thyroid swelling at the time of presentation. Majority had solitary thyroid nodule (40%). Right lobe (60%) was most commonly affected in the cases studied. In studied cases, Total thyroidectomy was done. Then all operated cases were kept on (L– Thyroxine) to suppress TSH ( 0.2 – 0.3 mg daily).