A study of macular thickness using OCT in diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy

Dr. K. ANJANEYULU; DR. P.VENKATESWARLU; DR.S. VISHNU PRIYA; DR.K.NAGA RANI

Volume : IX, Issue : III, March - 2019

A study of macular thickness using OCT in diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy

Dr. K. Anjaneyulu, Dr. P. Venkateswarlu, Dr. S. Vishnu Priya, Dr. K. Naga Rani

Abstract :

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of blindness[1]. Diabetic retinopathy is the most common ocular complication of diabetes with 5%of diabetics progressing to severe visual loss of 5/200 or less[2].Macular oedema is one of the important signs in patients with diabetic retinopathy which progresses to complete blindness. Therefore, early diagnosis of the disease can prevent the progression of disease. Objective : The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the thickness of the macula in diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy using optical coherence tomography (OCT) Methods: 100 Patients with diabetes presenting to the Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Eye Hospital, Kurnool from june 2017 to june 2018 were included in the study. Patients were divided into 4 groups: Controls(NDM), Diabetics without retinopathy(NDR),Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR) and Proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).A written and informed consent was taken from all the patients. Full ophthalmological evaluation was done and the fast macular OCT scan was done that divides the macula into 9 sectors. The mean ± standard deviation of macular thicknesses by area were analyzed and compared. Results: The average macular thickness in thepresent study is 278.46µm and it is statistically significant across the groups. The macular thickness is increased in both NPDR and PDR groups 290.24±42.69 µm, 305.96±40.49 µm respectively. The increase in thickness may be due to associated CSME. Conclusion: Macular thickness was significantly more (p<0.01) in the PDR group when compared to NDM group, NPDR group to NDR group and PDR group to NDR group. It was not statistically significant in NDM group versus NDR group, NDM group versus NPDR group and NPDR group versus the PDR group