Clinical and genetic variation in association between type I diabetes and vitamin D deficiency

Wafa M.Al-gaid; Archana P.lyer; Maryam A. AL-Ghamdi

Volume : VII, Issue : XII, December - 2017

Clinical and genetic variation in association between type I diabetes and vitamin D deficiency

Wafa M. Al Gaid, Archana P. Lyer, Maryam A. Al Ghamdi

Abstract :

Diabetes is a serious concern throughout the world and various metabolic conditions are under investigation to get a clear picture on its prognosis. The aim of our study was to investigate three polymorphic sites ApaI, BsmI and TaqI of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene on chromosome 12q (12–12q14) as candidate for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Saudi population. A sample of 100 Saudi classified as healthy (control,N= 50 (without T1DM) or with T1DM (N= 50) was investigated the relationship of VDR gene polymorphisms at three restriction sites ApaI, BsmI and TaqI to the risk of T1DM .Blood samples were taken and DNA was extracted from whole blood. The target part of VDR gene was isolated and amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR products were digested by restriction enzymes: ApaI, TaqI, and BsmI and electrophoresed on agarose gel. Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) levels were statistically higher in T1DM than controls (P–value= 5.73E–12*). The difference in Vitamin D Total (Vit.D) values between each two shows non–significante difference p–value =0.5226. However, we observed that was distribution of genotypes frequency of the BsmI VDR gene polymorphisms differed highly significantly between T1DM and control groups (p–value =0.0081). On the other hand, there was no significant difference in genotypes and alleles frequencies of the VDR gene polymorphisms at position TaqI and ApaI between T1DM patients and control groups in Saudi population. This shows that although clinically there is no significant difference in vitamin D levels between control groups and diabetic patients, there is a significant variation at the genomic level indicating that a pharmacogenomic approach is the need of the hour to elucidate the mechanism of prognosis of metabolic diseases like diabetes.