Congenital Heart Disease in Infants of Diabetic Mothers, their clinical profile and echocardiographic findings in Tertiary care hospital

Amber B. Mir; Uruj Altaf Qureshi; Muzafar Jan

Volume : IX, Issue : V, May - 2019

Congenital Heart Disease in Infants of Diabetic Mothers, their clinical profile and echocardiographic findings in Tertiary care hospital

Amber B. Mir, Uruj Altaf Qureshi, Muzafar Jan

Abstract :

Objective: The study aimed to determine clinical presentation and the prevalence of different types of Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) through echocardiogram and to perceive the utility of Echocardiogram in a diagnosis of CHD in Infant of Diabetic Mother (IDM). Methods: A prospective cross–sectional study was carried out at the tertiary care center over a period of 12 months. 75 consecutive neonates born to diabetic mothers both gestational diabetes or type 2 ,type 1 diabetes mellitus admitted in neonatal intensive care unit[NICU] were included in this study. All the patients were evaluated for congenital heart disease by echocardiography by a pediatric cardiologist of the same institute within 7 days of admission. Results: Out of 75 neonates, male were 45 and females 30 with M:F ratio of 1.5:1. 33.3% were preterm, 60% were term and 6.6% post term. Fetal macrosomia with birth weight more than 4000 grams was present in 28%.Common clinical presentations were fast eathing (44.5%) and cyanosis [17.3%].Isolated murmur in 16%. Cardinal clinical signs were respiratory distress [70.6%] and low saturation [13.3%]. The common echocardiographic findings were Patent foramen ovale (84%), Patent ductus arteriosus (58.6%), Interventricular septal hypertrophy in [30.6%]. Among the significant CHD ventricular septal defect, coarctation of aorta and Transposition of the Great Vessels were seen. Conclusion: There is need of high index of suspicion, detailed history, clinical examination, and echocardiography to diagnose the CHD in infants of diabetic mothers