GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS: A STUDY OF PREVALENCE UNIVERSAL SCREENING, RISK FACTORS,MATERNAL AND FETAL OUTCOME.

DR.B.TAMILSELVI; DR.E.VIJAYALAKSHMI

Volume : VII, Issue : I, January - 2017

GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS: A STUDY OF PREVALENCE UNIVERSAL SCREENING, RISK FACTORS,MATERNAL AND FETAL OUTCOME.

Dr. B. Tamilselvi, Dr. E. Vijayalakshmi

Abstract :

Objective: To study the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM),its risk factors,maternal and fetal outcomes. Methods: A prospective study was performed on 500 patients for 12 months at Govt Kasturba Gandhi Hospital,Chennai–5.All of them at their first antenatal visit subjected to 75gm OGCT, blood sugars after 2 hrs were taken and values >=140mg was taken as the cut off for GDM. Results: The prevalence of GDM was found to be around 15.4%.Risk factors for GDM were age >35 yrs,obesity,prior bad obstetric history,. Maternal risks like polyhydramnios, pre–eclampsia, prolonged labour, obstructed labour, caesarean section, uterine atony, postpartum haemorrhage were emphasised.Fetal risks like spontaneous abortion, intra–uterine death, stillbirth congenital malformation, shoulder dystocia,birth injuries, neonatal hypoglycaemia and infant respiratory distress syndrome were remphasised Conclusion: Early identification , control of risk factors and management of GDM with Medical Nutrition Therapy(MNT) and adequate usage of insulin & intense monitoring can improve the materno fetal outcome.