HEREDITY AS ETIOPATHOGENIC FACTOR IN HYPODONTIA. CLINICAL ASPECTS IN TWINS

Viorica Tarmure; Elina Teodorescu; Aranka Ilea; Paula Jiman; Andreea Simona Pop

Volume : III, Issue : XII, December - 2013

HEREDITY AS ETIOPATHOGENIC FACTOR IN HYPODONTIA. CLINICAL ASPECTS IN TWINS

Viorica Tarmure, Elina Teodorescu, Aranka Ilea, Paula Jiman, Andreea Simona Pop

Abstract :

Hypodontia, congenitally missing teeth, has a plurifactorial etiology. Among the factors causing it, an important role is played by heredity. It was determined that hypodontia is caused by gene defect and that the clinical forms depend on the variation in expressivity of the gene mutations and on the reduced penetration. This study’s aim is to observe the role of heredity in the occurrence of hypodontia in families in witch at least two of the members present this anomaly.

The study covers a total of 69 individuals, 30 males and 39 females. Hypodontia was present in 30 individuals (43.48%) of which 7 were males (23.33%) and 23 females (58.97%). The transmission was predominantly maternal for the girls and paternal for the boys. As clinical forms we’ve observed symmetric and asymmetric agenesis of upper lateral incisors or second premolars, unilateral or diagonal (1.5 and 3.5) agenesis, extensive and atypical hypodontia involving even the stable teeth such as the canine and first permanent molar (in a single patient).

What was interesting was the different clinical manifestations of the genetic transmission in bivitelline twins, for example, a other having hypodontia of 3.1, 4.1, and the other a labio–palatal cleft and agenesis of 2.2, or univitelline, seeing twin others, having the same teeth missing (1.2, 2.2).