MICROBIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA IN A TERTIARY CARE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

Dr. Lalita Verma; Dr. Rajni Sharma; Dr. Aruna Vyas; Dr. Rubina Kochar

Volume : VI, Issue : VII, July - 2016

MICROBIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA IN A TERTIARY CARE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

Dr. Lalita Verma, Dr. Rajni Sharma, Dr. Aruna Vyas, Dr. Rubina Kochar

Abstract :

 Introduction: Ventilator associated pneumonia, (VAP) an important form of hospital acquired pneumonia, specifically refers to pneumonia developing in mechanically ventilated patients for more than 48 hours after tracheal intubation or tracheostomy.VAP remains to be the commonest cause of hospital morbidity and mortality in spite of advances in diagnostic techniques and management. Aim of the study: The aim of the study to find out organisms associated with VAP and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Materials and methods: A prospective study was performed over a period of one year from March 2013 to Feuary 2014 in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV) for >48 h. Endotracheal aspirates (ETA) were collected from patients with suspected VAP cases and quantitative cultures were performed on all samples. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates was done by using the VITEK® 2 compact system, an automated identification (ID) and susceptibility (AST) system (bioMériux – France). Results: Incidence of VAP was found to be 36.84% among the mechanically ventilated patients, out of which 29.17% had early–onset (<5 days MV) VAP and 70.84% had late–onset (>5 days MV) VAP. Gram negative organisms were the major pathogens (n=30, 88.23%) in our study. The most common organism isolated was found to be Acinetobacter baumannii 14 (41.18%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae 9 (26.47%) and 5(14.71%) respectively. while among gram positive organisms, 4(11.76%) Staphylococcus aureus was isolated. Conclusion: Gram negative organisms were the primary cause of VAP in our study. The knowledge of prevalent local pathogens and their antibiogram will help the clinician to choose the appropriate antimicrobial agent for effective and rationale treatment.