STUDY OF P53 IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY IN ORAL MALIGNANT LESION AND ITS COMPARISON WITH PREMALIGNANT AND BENIGN ORAL LESION

Dr. Sumanlata Verma; Dr. Mehnaz Bi; Dr Soni Verma

Volume : IX, Issue : I, January - 2019

STUDY OF P53 IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY IN ORAL MALIGNANT LESION AND ITS COMPARISON WITH PREMALIGNANT AND BENIGN ORAL LESION

Dr. Sumanlata Verma, Dr. Mehnaz Bi, Dr Soni Verma

Abstract :

Expression of p53 tumor suppressor gene is one of the common findings in human cancers including the oral cancer. The p53 protein is known to be expressed in benign, premaignant and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral carcinogenesis is a multistep process. The premalignant oral lesions develop into the malignant lesions tumors due to chronic exposure to various carcinogens such as tobacco, alcohol, beetle chewing and HPV in a genetically predisposed person. Objective : • To study the expression of p53 by immunohistochemistry in oral malignant lesions & compared it with premalignant & benign oral lesions. • To correlate the immunoexpression of p53 with grading & staging of oral premalignant & malignant lesions Materials & Methods : In this study, histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining (Dako cytomation) was performed on 200 cases of oral biopsies to see the p53 expression in these oral epithelial lesions. Results : Immunohistochemical expression of p53 observed in 200 cases of oral epithelial lesions, consisting of 34 benign, 60 pre–malignant and 106 malignant lesions. Out of all, 170 cases were showed p53 positivity. All benign lesions were negative or showed only basal positivity. P53 was expressed in 83.33% of dysplastic lesions & 94.27% malignant lesions. The staining intensity increased from basal to suprabasal region with increase in grade of dysplasias. Conclusion– Combined histological analysis with p53 immunoexpression could be a useful and simple molecular marker to detect the possibility of transformation from a premalignant to malignant lesion of oral epithelium