Study of pattern of respiratory illnesses admitted to PICU in children 1 month –5 years.

Dr. M. Suhasini; Dr. S.A.Sardarsulthana; Dr.N.Manjuleswari; Dr.Radhika

Volume : V, Issue : VII, July - 2015

Study of pattern of respiratory illnesses admitted to PICU in children 1 month –5 years.

Dr. M. Suhasini, Dr. S. A. Sardarsulthana, Dr. N. Manjuleswari, Dr. Radhika

Abstract :

Objective To study the pattern and outcome of respiratory diseases in children presenting to the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU) of the government general hospital Kurnoo,overr a period of 12 months from march 2013 to Feuary 2014. Materials method 329 children were included in the study. the study population divided into 3 groups,, According to age, Two groups according to clinical presentation, four groups based on anatomy of the respiratory system involved &3 categories,depending on the risk factors.Information was recorded on a structured Proforma by questionnaire method, and analysed by relevant stastical method applying Chi–square testthe study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the hospital and informed consent of the parents was obtained. .Participants Among those 1260 were between age group of 1 month to 5 years. Out of these 353 children fulfilled the inclusion criteria among them 24 children left against medical advice, and remaining 329 children were included in the study. Outcome: This study is done to ascertain the pattern of respiratory diseases in children presenting to the pediatrics intensive care unit(PICU) of the government general hospital Kurnool. , and to study theout come in relation to age of presentation, pattern of illness, location of the disease . Results Incidence of respiratory illnesses among total PICU admissions between 1m–5yrs was 329 (26.11%).In our study 329 cases of respiratory illnesses were studied.173 (52.58%) were males,156 (47.42%) were females. Male to female ratio was 1.1:1. 180 children were < 1 yr, constituting 54.71%1–3yrs constituting 26.44% ,62 were between 3–5 years constituting 18.84%.In a total of 329 cases 213 (64.74%) cases presentedwith respiratory distress,. 116 (35.26%) cases presented with respiratory failure, among these < 1yr were 75 (64.65%), 1–3 yrs were 30(25.86%)Respiratory failure at time of presentation was commonly found in children aged less than 1 yr. Conclusion Respiratory diseases contributed to 1/4th of total burden in PICU Between 1 month to 5 years. Infants contributed more than ½ of the respiratory burden in PICU. Pneumonia with or without pleural involvement contributed to ½ of the respiratory burden in PICU .More cases presented during period of monsoon & winter. Respiratory diseases contributed to 1/3rd of total mortality in PICU in children between1month to 5 years. Infants contributed to 2/3rd of respiratory disease mortality in PICU. More than 1/3rd of deaths observed in children presented with respiratory failure. Inclusion criteria –Children 1m–5yrs of age presenting with age specific increase in respiratory rate (according to WHO), spo2 < 92% at room air and clinical and/or radiological pulmonary involvement. Exclusion criteria– . Age < 1month and > 5years,Respiratory distress of non–respiratory origin like DKA, RTA, CCF, metabolic acidosis, anaemia. Those who left against medical advice are excluded.