The spectrum of dermatological manifestations in chronic kidney disease patients of Uddanam Nephropathy

Dr Vijoy Kumar Jha; Dr T Rajkamal

Volume : IX, Issue : VIII, August - 2019

The spectrum of dermatological manifestations in chronic kidney disease patients of Uddanam Nephropathy

Dr Vijoy Kumar Jha, Dr T Rajkamal

Abstract :

Background – An increased prevalence of chronic kidney disease has been observed in several geographical areas across the world including Uddanam region in India. Many of the cutaneous disorders experienced by patients of chronic kidney disease are related to the underlying pathologic process that induced the renal disease. Aims– This study was done in a tertiary care center to identify common dermatological manifestation in chronic kidney disease patients of Uddanam region after excluding other possible etiologies of renal dysfunction and to compare it with patients of renal dysfunction with known etiologies. Methods– The study was an observational study of 1 yr duration. All the chronic kidney disease patients attending nephrology outpatient department (OPD) and patients undergoing regular dialysis in the hospital were referred to dermatology OPD for dermatological examination irrespective of any clinical symptoms related to skin disease. Results – Out of total 212 patients diagnosed as chronic kidney disease (CKD) during evaluation of renal dysfunction in renal OPD 80 patients were detected to have definitive etiologies of CKD. In both Uddanam nephropathy (CKDu) and control group with known etiologies skin changes were predominant ( more than 90% in both groups). Hair changes were least dominant with 23–30 % of populations affected. Xerosis was the commonest pattern (52–59%) followed by pigmentation, pruritus, ichthyosis. About 36 % of patients with CKDu and 35.1 % of the control group had involvement of nail, the majority of both groups have white nail followed by longitudinal ridges. Limitations The etiologies of chronic kidney disease were presumptive based on preceding history and investigations. Only a few cases were biopsy proven. Conclusion Skin manifestations are very common in CKD patients. There was no significant difference in dermatological manifestations between Uddanam nephropathy group and other groups of chronic kidney disease of known etiologies.