TO STUDY THE PREVALENCE OF NEUROLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN CKD PATIENTS IN BUNDELKHAND REGION

Dr. N.S. Sengar; Dr. Arvind Kankane; Dr. Mohd. Imran; Dr. Gopambuj Singh Rathod; Dr. Bhawna Rai

Volume : X, Issue : VI, June - 2020

TO STUDY THE PREVALENCE OF NEUROLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN CKD PATIENTS IN BUNDELKHAND REGION

Dr. N. S. Sengar, Dr. Arvind Kankane, Dr. Mohd. Imran, Dr. Gopambuj Singh Rathod, Dr. Bhawna Rai

Abstract :

Introduction :Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a rapidly growing global health problem, with a prevalence of 15% in developed nations. CKD can occur as the result of a primary renal disorder or as a complication of multisystem disease. Diabetes is now the most common cause of CKD in developed countries, whereas in the developing world, inflammatory diseases of the kidney, particularly glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis, remain the most common causes. The most common neurological manifestation were cereovascular accident (stroke), myopathy, peripheral neuropathy, GTCS, Dementia, Disequiliium syndrome, Orthostatic hypotension and Restless Leg Syndrome. Aim:To study the prevalence of neurological manifestations in Chronic Renal Failure patients in Bundelkhand Region of Uttar Pradesh. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross sectional study conducted in M.L.B Medical College, Jhansi (U.P.). This study included CKD patients coming to Department of General Medicine, M.L.B. Medical College, Jhansi during the period March 2018 to October 2019, study comprises of 170 patients. Out of these, 95 patients were having neurological manifestation. Results: Study observed that, neurological manifestation was more common among male (67.37%) of age group 51 to 60 yrs (28.24%) and most of them were found smoker (56.84%) and hypertension (84.21%). Most of the patients having neurological manifestation were on maintenance haemodialysis (61.05%). We divided all the number of cases in six age group, majority of cases were found in 51–60 yrs age group i.e. 48 (28.24%) followed by 41–50 yrs age group i.e. 29 (17.06%) and 18 (10.59%) patients were found in  30 yrs, 31–40 yrs, and >70 yrs of age group respectively. The most common neurological manifestation were cereovascular accident (stroke) (33.68%), myopathy (17.89%), peripheral neuropathy (14.74%), GTCS (8.42%), Dementia (8.42%), Disequiliium syndrome (7.37%), Orthostatic hypotension (6.32%) and Restless Leg Syndrome (3.1%) Conclusion: Neurological manifestations are highly prevalent in CKD and are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Both CNS and PNS complications were most apparent at end–stage disease i.e. CKD stage V. neurological manifestation occurred in our study were mainly associated with hypertension, anemia, albuminuria, electrolytes abnormalities (like hyperphosphatemia, hyponatremia), raised blood urea nitrogen level. So early detection and management of these factors in CKD patients represents a window of opportunity to reduce their impact in later stages of CKD.