IJSR - International Journal of Scientific Research

Dr. Alka Gupta; Dr. Anil Kumar Srivastava; Dr. Ashutosh Rastogi; Dr. Mukesh Shukla; Dr. Nirpal Kaur Shukla

Volume : VIII, Issue : VIII, August - 2019

An Epidemiological Study of Glaucoma in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Eastern Uttar Pradesh

Dr. Alka Gupta, Dr. Anil Kumar Srivastava, Dr. Ashutosh Rastogi, Dr. Mukesh Shukla, Dr. Nirpal Kaur Shukla

Abstract :

Background: Glaucoma is a disease that causes progressive damages to optic nerve. It is characterized by increased fluid build up in the front part of eye which thereby causes increase pressure in eye and damage of the optic nerve. Aim of the Study: To study the prevalence of glaucoma among patients attending the ophthalmology out–patient facility in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Eastern Uttar Pradesh. Material and Methods: The study was conducted from July 2018 to December 2018 among the patients attending ophthalmology out–patient facility at Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Safedabad, Barabanki. A total 11324 patients were screened for glaucoma. All subjects underwent a detailed ophthalmic examination including slit lamp examination, applanation tonometry, gonioscopy with 2 mirror lens, dilated fundus examination with +90 D lens and visual field examination by using HFA (30–2) program. Glaucoma was defined using modified International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology criteria. Results: The overall proportion of glaucoma among the patients attending ophthalmology out–patient facility was found to be 3.7%. Among these 31.4% were primary angle closure disease (PAC) while 60.5%were primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Also, 7.9% were of secondary glaucoma. Out of the cases of primary angle closure disease, 51.4% were cases of angle closure glaucoma (ACG). Family history was positive in 40 patients, with 28 of all diagnosed patients were diabetics and 23 were hypertensive. Conclusions: Glaucoma is one of the leading cause of blindness in the world. Since it leads to irreversible blindness, early diagnosis is of utmost importance. Strategies to increase public awareness and periodic eye examinations are key to reduce the problem.