IJSR - International Journal of Scientific Research

Dr. Munna Lal Patel; Prof. Rekha Sachan; Dr. Radheshyam; Dr. Pushpalata Sachan

Volume : II, Issue : XII, December - 2013

Cardiovascular risk factors in chronic kidney disease stage–V: A tertiary centre experience

Dr. Munna Lal Patel, Prof. Rekha Sachan, Dr. Radheshyam, Dr. Pushpalata Sachan

Abstract :

Background: CKD is defined by the presence of kidney damage or decrease function irrespective of cause for three or more months. The term kidney failure is the end stage of CKD with severe reduced function or dialysis. CVD is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in CKD patients, accounting for 40% of hospitalization and almost 50% of deaths. This Prospective cross sectional study was carried out over a period of one year.

Methods: 290 CKD stage-V patients were evaluated as per inclusion criteria (age more than 18 years and patients with CKD stage-V (Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <15ml/min/1.73m² for more than three months). 5 ml of venous blood sample was collected after overnight fasting. The level of serum urea, creatinine, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), phosphorus, calcium, hemoglobin, glucose were measured. Spot urine samples were tested for albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR). Estimated glomerular filteration rate was estimated from serum creatinine level by using Modification of Diet in Renal Disease.

Results: Among traditional risk factors 87.9% had hypertension, and 22.4% had diabetes mellitus. Regarding dyslipidemia 44.6% had raised LDL cholesterol and 57.3% had showed increased triglyceride level. Anemia showed the highest prevalence (94.2%) among CKD specific factors. More than 50% of study population had hypocalcemia and hyperphosphoatemia. Prevalence of cardiovascular events and CKD-V patient showed that 20.5% had ischemic heart disease, 40% heart failure, 5.2% arrhythmias and 20% had left ventricular hypertrophy. More than half of patient had cardiovascular events about one third had single events and rest of the patient have two or more cardiac events.

Conclusion: The result of this study suggests that both cardiovascular risk factors and events are prevalent among patients with CKD stage-V.