IJSR - International Journal of Scientific Research

Prof. Dr. Theyamma Joseph

Volume : VIII, Issue : VIII, August - 2019

EFFECTIVENESS OF A STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAM ON KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE REGARDING PREVENTION OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF KERALA

Prof. Dr. Theyamma Joseph

Abstract :

T2DM has become global epidemic affecting 69.2 million Indians. Kerala has 1.24 million people (21.9%) with diabetes and 36.7% with prediabetes. Present study assessed and compared the knowledge and lifestyle of adolescents regarding prevention of T2DM before and after a structured teaching programme (STP) in central Kerala. Methods Experimental design with pretest posttest control experimental groups was adopted. Multistage stratified random sampling was done to select 975 adolescents from 2 districts in to control and experimental groups. Institutional ethical clearance was taken. Validated, reliability tested lifestyle inventory and knowledge questionnaire was developed. Pretest given to both groups. Experimental group was given STP. Post–test given 30 days after pretest to both groups. Results: Knowledge on risk factors was high and low on complications. Reported physical activity was <30 min/ day in 72% and 56.2% adolescents from control and experimental groups respectively. Control group subjects spend >4 hours to <10 hours and from experimental group (35.6% and 31.9%) spend 10 – 24 hours /day on sedentary pursuits. Significant (p<0.002) gain in knowledge among experimental group compared to control group. Significant difference (p<0.001) in lifestyle of experimental group reported for food habits, healthy and sedentary activities during holidays after intervention. Age, gender & paternal T2DM showed association with the knowledge while income, religion and maternal occupation with lifestyle. Conclusion Lifestyle changes after STP support Health Belief Model. Study finding appeals early childhood intervention.