IJSR - International Journal of Scientific Research

Rakesh Dewangan; Sudhir K. Srivastava

Volume : IX, Issue : VI, June - 2020

GROUND WATER QUALITY STUDIES IN INDUSTRIAL AREAS IN GORAKHPUR DISTRICT, UTTAR PRADESH

Rakesh Dewangan, Sudhir K. Srivastava

Abstract :

There has been a tremendous increase in the demand for fresh water in the last few decades, due to rapid growth of population, unplanned urbanization, industrialization and too much use of fertilizers. With the growth of industry the ground water is made susceptible for contamination due to addition of waste materials. These waste materials from the factories percolate with rain water and reach aquifer resulting in erosion of ground water quality. Considering the above, study has been taken up in industrial areas of Gorakhpur city, which is located in the Terai belt of eastern Uttar Pradesh. The ground water samples have been collected in 14 locations and were subjected to the analysis of physico–chemical parameters including BOD, COD and Trace metals. The study shows that pH of ground water in the study area ranges from 7.02 to 7.93, EC ranges between 367 to as much as 3833 micro mhos/cm at 250C .Fluoride in water samples are well within the permissible limit of BIS standard. The other chemical parameters are within the normal range. BOD and COD of water samples ranges from ND (not detected) to 1.35 mg/l and ND to 12.3 mg/l respectively which indicates no major ground water pollution due to organic matter in the study area at present, but few areas are vulnerable where COD is more than 10 mg/l at GIDA, Gorakhpur. The heavy metal analysis of water samples are in general within the normal ranges (Copper Cu: ND to 0.008mg/l, Iron Fe: 0.08 to 1.23 mg/l, Manganese Mn: 0.01 to 0.482 mg/l, Zinc Zn: 0.015 to 0.221 mg/l and Nickel: ND to 0.014mg/l) except iron and Manganese in few places. The water quality interpretation has been carried out with the help of Wilcox, Hill Piper and USSL diagrams. The study of hill piper diagram shows that most of the water are Ca–Mg HCO3 type. Percentage Sodium is found to be less than 50% in all the cases. Except in one case all samples have been found under C2S1 or C3S1 as per US Salinity Laboratory diagram. The Water quality is good to within permissible limit in 93% of samples